| 19280 | B0V2N1 | PTPRS_MOUSE | Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase S (R-PTP-S) (EC 3.1.3.48) (PTPNU-3) (Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase sigma) (R-PTP-sigma) | DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE | Mating heterozygous mice gives rise to Ptprs deficient mice at the expected Mendelian rate, but the pups are somewhat lighter than their littermates at birth and display strongly impaired weight gain (PubMed:10080191). After about three weeks, mutant mice weigh only 50 to 55% of normal littermates, possibly due to reduced Igf1 levels in blood serum (PubMed:10080191). Pups born after crossing Ptprs deficient mice display about 41% lethality during the first day after birth (PubMed:10080191). Adult mutants have a reduced overall brain size, with a dramatic decrease in the size of the olfactory bulb (PubMed:10080191). As a consequence, mutant mice have strongly impaired ability to perceive repellent smells (PubMed:10080191). Females are less often in estrus (PubMed:10080191). Besides, mutant mice display a decreased overall size of the pituitary glands; relative to the total size, the intermediary lobe is enlarged with a concomitant decrease in the size of the anterior and posterior lobes (PubMed:10080191). Likewise, the size of the hypothalamus is decreased (PubMed:10080191). No visible effect on the structure of the retina and the optic nerve (PubMed:15797710). Mutant mice show increased axon outgrowth from retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve transection (PubMed:15797710). Mutant mice display increased axon outgrowth after spinal cord injury (PubMed:19833921, PubMed:19780196). In aging mice, mossy fibers in the CA3C region of the hippocampus show increased sprouting (PubMed:22519304). No difference in mossy fiber sprouting is seen in the CA3A region of the hippocampus (PubMed:22519304). After kainate-induced seizures, mutant mice show increased mossy fiber sprouting in both the CA3C and the CA3A region of the hippocampus (PubMed:22519304). Mutant mice display a slight increase in dendrite length and dendrite spine density in pyramidal cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and subtle changes in miniature AMPAR-mediated excitatory post-synaptic currents (PubMed:22519304). Dorsal root ganglion neurons from mutant mice show decreased stimulation of neurite outgrowth in response to the heparan sulfate proteoglycan GPC2 (PubMed:21454754). Cerebellar granule neurons and dorsal root ganglion neurons from mutant mice show decreased inhibition of neurite outgrowth in response to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (PubMed:19833921, PubMed:19780196, PubMed:21454754, PubMed:22406547). Sensory neurons show increased axon outgrowth after spinal cord crush injury (PubMed:19833921). After optic nerve crush injury, mutant mice show no increase in axon regeneration (PubMed:22406547). Combined disruption of Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Ptprs increases axon regeneration after injury (PubMed:22406547). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10080191, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15797710, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19780196, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19833921, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21454754, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22406547, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22519304}. |